Gestão dos resíduos sólidos urbanos no município de Campina Grande-PB.

Abstract

The management of solid waste is now a subject of great concern to public managers of Brazilian municipalities, the generation increases daily, and prevention, collection and disposal actions have been treated in a sectoral way, in a disjointed way, obstructing the systemic view of problem and reflected in fragmented public policies. However, according to PNRS solid waste can not be disposed of in open dumps since 2014. Management should adopt the hierarchy of reduction, reuse and treatment, and exhausting the possibilities and existing recycling technologies or processes for its reconfiguration for new uses, tailings should be disposed of in landfills. The municipalities should implement the Municipal Plan of Integrated Management of Solid Waste - PMGIRS. The present study aimed to analyze the process of solid urban waste management in the city of Campina Grande / PB. In order to do so, interviews with a sample of the population, the educational advisor on Environmental Education of the Secretary of Education, and the representative of the Department of Urban Cleaning of the municipality are carried out, in order to verify the implemented actions, specifically those contained in the PMGIRS of the municipality. The results show that the municipality of Campina Grande, like many in the country, still does not adequately treat recyclable solid waste, and there is no selective collection in operation, so the solid household waste is collected without any selection of recyclable materials, and everything is disposal in health landfill, which should receive only the tailings. In the municipality there are five organizations formalized of scavengers of recyclable material, but without the backing of the city. The company that collects and disposes of solid household waste in the landfill is outsourced, and payment for services is made per ton of solid waste collected and transported. The only revenue generated by the municipality to fund solid waste management services is not enough to cover costs. It was also verified that PMGIRS not was been implemented, above all, the programs related to the selective collection of dry and humid solid waste, Environmental Education, installation of screening units, Environmental Education centers and the regulation of sectoral agreements at the local level. Only the category of pneumatic waste was made the Reverse Logistics in the municipality, among the categories with mandatory, and that requires the implantation at the level of the municipality. It perceives solid waste on the ground in the center of the city, and knows of places in the neighborhood where it resides with irregular disposition.