Estudo do gerenciamento dos resíduos dos serviços de saúde na atenção básica em Campina Grande-PB.

Abstract

The Health Services Residues (HSR) represent a great threaten to the public health and to the environment, not only for its quantity, but also for the high potential of risk of illnesses spread. This way, its management needs greater safety in its handling, providing, at the same time, the best quality of the services rendered and encouraging the reduction of the residues produced. This dissertation’s general objective is to study the residues management of the health services that are part of the basic care in Campina Grande city – PB, since its creation until the availability to the external collection. Regarding the methodology, this research is a descriptive, exploratory, transversal, and quanti-qualitative approach. 7 municipal managers participated in the research, besides 78 workers from 36 Family Health Basic Unities (FHBU), 55 of these workers are health professionals and 23 general services auxiliaries. The instruments for data collection were – a form applied to the general auxiliaries; and 2 semistructural interviews applied to the health professionals and to the municipal managers. The principal results are: concerning the general services auxiliaries, the means of residues generated daily is of 262 liters per day, even with the Individual Protection Equipment (IPE) being available, 56% of the professionals do not use them, 43, 49% are not used to making exams and medical consultations and 100% are never trained for the function. In relation to the health professionals – there are no suitable conditioners for the residues; most of the unities has no appropriate place for the HSR temporary storage; there is an specific team to collect the infectious trash, however, there is no regularity in the service and the dentist residues are remained, for years, being stored in the offices, treatment forms and final destination considered to be correct by the interviewed are the incineration and the selective collection; it was unanimous the course inexistence and improvement promoted by the managers about the HSR; there is need for specific legislations and norms’ divulgations to the HSR; the injured professionals have no support or orientation in the cases conduction. Regarding the management: the actions, referred to the HSR, practiced are restricted to the packing supply for the residues’ storage and the collection done by an outsourced company; there is no fragmentation in the HSR management; there is insufficient knowledge about the legislation, norms and regulations in force; there are not proposals about the existence of training for the workers; there is consciousness about the lack of effectiveness and efficiency in today’s RHS management. We suggest the city public power: the construction of a municipal Health Services Residues Management Plane (HSRMP) that is able to be adjusted to the reality of each Family Health Basic Unit (FHBU) the elaboration of a training proposal and the constitution for the Municipal Public Management of an Environmental Information System. The suggestions for the UBSF workers are to claim for health politics of the efficient worker; continuous education program; UBSF structural improvement and the interaction with outsourced companies that are part of the residues’ handling.