Estudo de misturas asfálticas recicladas modificadas com a adição de óleo vegetal residual.

Abstract

Industrial waste when inappropriately disposed of can cause irreversible damage to the environment and even to the community in general. In the paving sector, it is worth mentioning the pavement recycling process, where the milled material is reused in new asphalt mixtures. However, there are concerns that this procedure may produce mixtures with high rigidity, lower workability, and compromised field performance. To optimize and reduce the disadvantages of this technique, rejuvenating agents are used, among them the residual vegetable oil, which with the increase in the search for more sustainable technologies, becomes very promising due to its good oxidative stability, tendency to reduce the binders' viscosity, reducing costs and improving the workability of the mixture. The objective of this research is to analyze the asphalt mixtures behavior with the use of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) modified with non-segregated residual vegetable oil, which has greater practical application. For this, physical, chemical, and rheological tests were carried out on the asphalt binders with and without the additive, and for the asphalt mixtures, the technique of factorial planning was made to study the influence of the RAP and the oil in the tests of Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS), Resilient Modulus, Lottman modified, Flow Number and Dynamic Modulus. The results indicated that with the residual vegetable oil addition, a reduction in viscosity was obtained, and consequently, a reduction in mixing and compaction temperatures. With the factorial planning, it was possible to find an indication of the variables analyzed, mainly in the Indirect Tensile Strength test (ITS), wherein, it was verified that the variable that most influenced the results was the oil content, except for the modified Lottman test where the RAP content was more significant. A very significant reduction of virgin aggregates was observed for the mixture with 60% RAP, and a 1.2% reduction of virgin asphalt binder compared with the mixture without this material, which can be a strong indication of a possible economy in this mixture manufacture. In general, it was possible to conclude that the addition of these variables was feasible and promising from a technical point of view, concerning the reference sample, and also from an environmental point of view given the problems that inappropriate disposal can provide to the environment.