Potencial tóxico do macerado de flores de Aspidosperma pyrifolium sob a sobrevivência de Apis mellifera in vitro.

Abstract

Apis mellifera are of great importance for the biological diversity of ecosystems, considered the most effective pollinator of several agricultural crops and native plants, it is still possible with their rational exploitation, the generation of income. In order to meet their nutritional requirements, bees basically look for nectar and pollen in plants. Some plant families can cause intoxication problems in bees. Therefore, aiming at the importance of this insect, the aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of the maceration of Aspidosperma pirifolium flowers added to the diet, on the survival of Apis mellifera workers kept under controlled conditions in the laboratory. The work was conducted at the Laboratory of Bee and Laboratory of Animal Nutrition of the Federal University of Campina Grande, Campus Pombal. The flowers of pear was collected and taken to the laboratory and put to dry after drying the flowers were macerated and heavy. Freshly harvested worker bees of Apis mellifera were used where groups with 20 bees corresponding to a repetition of the experiment were placed in wooden cages. The experiment was conducted in a room under controlled conditions, with a temperature of 30 °C ± 1 °C and a relative humidity of 70 ± 5%. The work was conducted in a completely randomized experimental design, with five treatments distributed in four replications. In the control group (T0) received water and the candi-paste as food, the experimental groups the amounts of flower macerate incorporated in the diet were at concentrations of 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75% and 1 , 00%. It was verified that macerated of flowers of A. pyrifolium demonstrated toxic potential in reducing the survival of adult workers Apis mellifera. By the analysis of variance for all the characteristics, there was a significant difference for all the variables related to toxicity. The highest mortality rate was observed at concentrations close to 1.00% of flower powder incorporated into the diet.