Cartografia da vulnerabilidade socioambiental: uma aplicação no Território Rural Médio Piranhas em períodos de estiagem.

Abstract

The semiarid climate, also known as tropical semiarid, covers a big portion of the Brazilian northeast region, and has, as one of its main features, the irregular distribution of rain on its territory, making this area suitable so that there is the extreme natural event denominated drought. A few years ago, all municipalities that comprehend the Território Rural Médio Piranhas (TRMP), which is a rural area, decreed state of emergency or state of public calamity, asking the state government to take strong measures, in order to help the population of TRMP. The application of tools that allow to help in the procedure of gathering information and knowledge about the drought is crucial, and assists to take the right decisions. Based in this context, emerges the idea of using the Geographic Information Systems (in portuguese, Sistema de Informações Geográficas, or SIGs), that has been used by the government and non-government agencies, and also by private entities, having as the major goal to integrate special and non-spacial data in their projects and studies about the environment. Therefore, the main purpose of this Work of Conclusion of Course was to build a cartography of the socio-environmental vulnerability of the TRMP, in the state of Paraíba, during the drought period. An analysis of possible aspects in the periods of drought, to thereby show a relevant cause for the development of TRMP.