Utilização das sementes da faveleira (Cnidoscolus phyllacanthus (Mart.) Pax et K. Hoffm.) em produtos alimentícios.

Abstract

The “faveleira” (Cnidosculus phyllacanthus Pax. et K. Hoffm.) is a Euforbiácea that has almond like a food oils and proteins potencial exploration and it’s found in all the states of Brazilian Northeast even in the North of Minas Gerais, mainly in semi-arido regions. Having like a point of its application as a alternative to the human alimentation, in this paper has been studied its use in food formulation. (bread bun dairy fermented) with the point to improve its functional characteristics. The seeds of “faveleira” presented almond with weight of 55.85% of seed’s total weight. The almond float presented high content of lipids (22.10 to 40.96%) and of protein (26.5 to 35.52%), after defatted, the float presented 56.18% of proteins with the presence of all the essential aminoacids, being the leucin the essential aminoacid with the highest concentration per gram of protein (34.35 mg of aminoacids /g of protein). The protein isolated obtained presented 85.42% of soluble proteins with yellow color and odorless . When applied as ingredient on bread bun, the float of “faveleira” and its protein isolated gave into the product higher of protein and lipids quantity without differentiate sensorialy of the bread standard on the seven experiments analyzed. The seeds of “faveleira” were macerated in different conditions with the objective to obtain the soluble extract and the experiment that had higher water absorption through the seeds was the one with sodium bicarbonate 0.5% on the temperature of 60ºC, because about 6 hours of maceration, the seeds passed of 6.30 to 33.85% of humid. The extract presented presented 2.61% of proteins, 2.01% of lipids on pH of 6.23. A dairy fermented added with the soluble extract of seeds of “faveleira” presented visually coloration white-yellowed, with characteristic texture and smell sort of this product, however protruding an almonded flavor. About 6 hours of fermentation the formulation with 20% of the extract of “faveleira” and 7.5% of inoculus containing the microorganisms Streptococcus termophilus and Lactobacillus delbruekii bulgaricus presented acidity of 74.67 ºD, pH of 4.31 and 0.11g of biomass. The dairy fermented elaborated presented quantity of humid of 82.77%, 0.65% of grays, 0.01% of lipids differing statistically of the standard dairy fermented that presented 84.15% of humid, 0.50% of grays and 1.74% of lipids. In the dairy fermented added in the extract of seeds of “faveleira” the result’s a better visual product, better plasticity, homogenization, texture and with base formulation in low costs and better nutritional quality and even without no addictive addiction. The seeds of faveleira have potential for use in formulated food, improving the nutritional quality and obtaining products with functional claimming.