Um estudo das anomalias de precipitação no Panamá associadas aos episódios El Niño/Oscilação do Sul dos anos 1969, 1972, 1976 e 1982.

Abstract

Thp relationship bptwppn thp El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon and Panamá precipitation was studied for the period 1967-1986 using precipitation composites and total means, deviation maps of precipitation, sea surface temperature anomalies data from Peru coast and proximities and a simple statistic analysis. Results indicate that during the ENSO years the precipitation show, on the average, 12.7% below normal. However a considerable precipitation variability in space exhibit regions with negatives anomalies up to 5<Ò'Á. The rainy season (AprilNovember) is interrupted by negatives deviations prevailing on the months of July and August causing a significative reduction in precipitation during the season. Correlations indicates a close negative relation between precipitation and the ENSO signal, introducing the most higher indexes for delay ("lag") of 3 months and indicating that a month total precipitation can be expected in advance with the TSM data. With the results on this study and descriptions of the ocean-atmosphere system behaviour during the ENSO presented by various researchers, we may conclude that the anomaly shift of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), mainly factor of precipitation on Panamá, is the major responsible for the precipitation anomalies presented in the country during the event.