Avaliação clinica epidemiológica da hanseníase em um município do sertão paraibano.

Abstract

Hansen's disease is constituted as an important infect-contagious disease that attacks the population, considered a serious problem of public health, being the reach of its elimination until the year of 2010 one of the priority activities of the health services. The present study had as objectives to analyze the clinical-epidemic aspects of Hansen's disease in the municipal district of Cajazeiras - PB in the period from January of 2005 to December of 2008, as well as to characterize the profile of the bearers of Hansen's disease of this municipal district and to verify the epidemic and operational main indicative of the disease in the municipal district during the same period. The research adopted the focus on documental type, exploratory descriptive, characterized by quantitative approach. It was accomplished in the Health Secretary of Cajazeiras, in the Department of Epidemic Surveillance. The population was composed by all the cases of Hansen's disease notified in the period from January 2005 to December of 2008, totaling 339 cases, available in the Information Grievance Notification System - SINAN, of the Municipal Health Secretary. The sample consisted of 100% of the population. The collection was accomplished in the month of November of 2009, through the consultation to the records of SINAN that contained social-demographic data and specific subjects that allowed the identification of the participants' profile, and of the access to the programs SINAN and TABWIN, installed in the Municipal Health Secretary, respecting the ethical aspects of the research involving human beings. The results revealed that in elapsing of the years there was a decrease in the total of cases, that most of the patients was of the feminine gender, with predominance of the adult age group. Concerning to the operational classification, there was a prevalence of the paucibacilar cases and related to the clinical forms, a larger number of cases was observed with the uncertain form. Treating on the medicamental therapeutics, all the patients accomplished one of the PQT schemes. Regarding the degree of incapacities, most of the cases presented degree 0 so much in the moment of the diagnosis as in the moment of the discharge, and with relationship to the exit type, the great majority of the cases had discharge for cure. Seemingly the actions of control of the Hansen's disease in the municipal district of Cajazeiras have been taking effect in its largest part, however, the data evidenced that the goals of control and elimination of the disease for the year of 2010 won't be reached easily, once there is no idea of the real incidence of cases in the municipal district. We observed that the transmission is happening in an intense way, considering the occurence in younger than 15 years-old children, as well as a great number of multibacilar cases, still having an increase of cases with the dimorphic form, the occurrence of incapacities and the abandonment of the treatment in a good number of cases in the last years. Through this study we could notice that it is well-known the importance of the sum of efforts in the attempt constant of raising strategies that supply subsidies, especially for the health area professionals of the municipal district of Cajazeiras, for the planning and implementation of measures aiming the elimination of this disease to the year of 2010.