Utilização do geoprocessamento para acompanhar a transformação da paisagem oriunda do processo de instalação de parques eólicos na serra de Santa Luzia/PB.

Abstract

Nowadays, issues related to the environment and the preservation of life on Earth are becoming more and more priorities. The search for the reduction of ecological problems from energy sources makes room for renewable sources, where their production and consumption processes generate less impact on the environment. Among the cleaner energies, wind energy, energy from the winds, has been attracting more and more investors, and Brazil, being a country with high wind potential, has been highlighting in this aspect. The Northeast is the Brazilian region with the highest wind capacity, which contributes to the large number of wind farms installed. Thus, the objective of this work was to analyze the transformation that occurred in the landscape of a stretch of Serra de Santa Luzia, located on the Borborema Plateau, on the Paraiba side of the process of installation and operation of wind farms with the help of Geoprocessing tools. The analyzes were performed using Landsat-8 satellite images in a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment, from which the Supervised Maximum Likelihood Classification was carried out to differentiate and subsequently quantify the two types of pre-established and identified: vegetation index and bare soil. The results of the research showed that there was a reduction in the vegetation area, consequently increasing the level of exposed soil. Thus, it is concluded that the methodology used, combining remote sensing techniques proved to be satisfactory to reach the proposed objectives.