Cultivo de palma fertirrigada com água residuária em sistema agroflorestal.

Abstract

The use of treated domestic sewage in agriculture has become one of the viable options for reducing water pollution, bringing together a set of advantages for society and collaborating to reduce environmental impacts as it is a mitigating solution to the pollution of water bodies. Researches prove the use of treated effluents from domestic sewage can supply the water demand of agricultural crops and guarantee in part an important nutritional supply for plants. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the application of domestic sewage treated in the cultivation of forage palm on the phenological biometric parameters in the semi-arid region of Paraíba. The experiment was conducted in the field in the experimental area, located at the headquarters of the National Institute of the semi-arid (INSA), in the municipality of Campina Grande, in an experimental arrangement of randomized blocks, with 08 repetitions, 03 plant species and 03 treatments, corresponding to the type and volume of water used (T1 = 125 ml of water supply, T2 = 125 ml of waste water-AR, T3 = 250 ml of waste water). The irrigation blade applied 2 L h-1 day-1 per week in a drip system.An intercropped agroforestry system was installed with 1560 forage palm rackets: Mexican elephant ear (Opuntia stricta Haw) and 195 seedlings of 2 forest species: Sabiá (Mimosa ceasalpini folea Benth) and Aroeira-Branca (Myracrodruon Urundeuva Allemão), planted in double row. Between August / 2019 and February 2020, biometric assessments were carried out on the palm: plant height, total number of cladodes, perimeter thickness, length and width of the cladode. Each evaluated cladode was identified with marking, and useful plants (8 plants per block) were identified. Since in each useful plant, only 01 palm racket was monitored. The results obtained were subjected to analysis of variance and the averages to the Tukey test at the level of 5% significance and the contracts were analyzed by univariate analysis both using the statistical program. The treatments that received wastewater showed greater plant development. However, the volume of water offered has little effect on the plant's morphogenesis. Regarding the chemical properties of the soil, wastewater shows a positive influence on the pH and organic matter of the soil.