Produção de xilitol utilizando licor da pré-hidrólise ácida do bagaço do pedúnculo do caju.

Abstract

This work aimed to study and define the best conditions for xylitol production using liquor acid prehydrolysis of cashew bagasse. The cashew bagasse obtained was washed, dried at 55 ° C, milled and sieved (48 mesh); only then it was characterized and subjected to acid prehydrolysis using H2SO4 at 3%, 1:6 ratio, for 1 hour. The characterization of the lignocellulosic revealed the presence of 18.31 ± 0.071% of cellulose, hemicellulose 27.18 ± 0.01% and lignin 23.91 ± 0.02% and after acid prehydrolysis 31.50 ± 0.02, 19.30 ± 0.09 and 32.21 ± 0.57% cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, respectively. Upon completion of the prehydrolysis, the liquor was subjected to the removal process by residual lignin for disposal of toxic compounds to microbial metabolism, according to the 23 experimental factorial planning with three replications at the central point, and the best conditions of removal, pH and contact time at 4 and 20 min, respectively and mass of 0.65 g residual lignin, obtaining a removal of 15% of xylose, 20% glucose, 100% hydroxymethylfurfural and 100% furfural. A 24 factorial planning with three replications at the central point was used to verify the influence of the concentrations of ammonium sulfate, calcium chloride, rice bran and pH the fermentation medium about the final concentration of xylitol, xylitol volumetric productivity, efficiency and the conversion factor of xylose to xylitol. The fermentation trials were carried out using the Candida guilliermondii CCT 3544 yeast in erlenmeyer flasks with 50mL of the medium, agitated at 200 rpm, 28 °C from 0 to 96 h. According to the results the concentration of calcium chloride and pH has significantly influenced the bioconversion of xylose to xylitol. The general analysis of the results led to the conclusion that 1 g/L of ammonium sulfate, 0.5 g L calcium chloride, 5 g/L of rice bran and pH 4 represent the most suitable composition of the medium for xylitol production in prehydrolyzed liquor of the cashew apple bagasse. After obtaining the best conditions of cultivation and adsorption was carried out a trial fermentation in time intervals 0, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h in erlenmeyer flasks with a capacity of 250 mL, scale application - 3 times, containing 150 mL of the medium in natura, concentrated and concentrate/treated with initial cell concentration of 107 cells/mL. According to the results the treated/concentrated liquor represents the most suitable way for fermentation, with a higher cell concentration, 56.4 x 106 cells/ mL in 36 h and xylitol production of 3000.14 mg/L, resulting in a productivity of 0.063 g/L h with a bioconversion yield of 74.47% and 81.21% efficiency at the end of 48 hours.