Gestão hídrica do reservatório Sumé-PB: potencialidades e fragilidades.

Abstract

This study aimed at analyzing the potentialities and weaknesses of the multiple uses of water from the public reservoir of Sumé – PB, with the intent of reflecting on the sustainable management of the hydric resources from such locality. The research was carried out not only in order to provide useful information to the welfare of the local community, but also to contribute with empirical data for the area of hydrological studies, whose literature is in need for further investigations. In order to achieve the proposed goals, questionnaires were applied to the users of the weir and informal interviews were conducted on the Reservoir of Sumé with the people responsible for the DNOCS of Sumé, Campina Grande and João Pessoa. Such methodological procedures indicate that this study refers to the mixed paradigm of quantitative and qualitative research, in the sense that the data elicited from the questionnaires and interviews formed the basis for analysis of both statistical and interpretative nature. In addition, it was performed a documental survey, based on a series of information obtained from agencies such as SUDEMA, AESA and DNOCS, comprehending the period 2000-2009, about the quality of the water from the reservoir under consideration. The observation and description of the data indicate that fishing stands out as the most prospective use of the reservoir water, followed by other activities such as leisure and bathing. With reference to the quality of the water, it was verified that, although some parameters showed quality standards in disagreement with the Resolution of CONAMA 357, there is no negative interference of these differences in the development of activities with potentiality towards the progress of the reservoir. As for the weaknesses, it was observed that the current management of the hydric resource is not adequate to the new policies of the multiple uses of water and also to the new attitudes regarding the environment, and, in relation to the ecosystem surrounding the reservoir, it is possible to see that there are incorrect agriculture practices that endanger the quality of the water. Considering the results obtained throughout the research, it can be concluded that it is possible, within the existing environmental setting, to change the form of appropriation and use of the environmental resources.