Superação de dormência em sementes de umbuzeiro em Cuité - PB.

Abstract

The umbu plant (Spondias tuberosa Arruda) is a xerophilic fruit from the Caatinga Biome. This plant has great economic potential for agriculture, due to the importance of its fruits for the food industry, the pharmaceutical industry and as awood plant. However, its seeds have difficulty germinating due to the dormancy, which needs to be overcome. The objective of this work was to study the of different treatments on overcoming of dormancy in umbu plant seeds from Cuité City Paraíba, through the analysis of seed germination and the morphological characteristics of seedlings emerging. The experiment was carried out in the greenhouse of the Education and Health Center from Federal University of Campina Grande. A total of 720 seeds were selected and subjected to the treatments of mechanical scarification with sandpaper, bevel cut in the distal part of the seed, soaking in water containing humus for 12 hours, soaking in fresh manure for 12 hours and scarification with sulfuric acid PA for 5 min. The germination speed index was determined and each germinated seedling was analyzed every two weeks for the height, number of leaves and diameter. The collected data were submitted to analysis of variance, using the SISVAR software (Version 5.6). the treatment of mechanical scarification with sandpaper stood out with a percentage of germination (PG) de 66.67%, The dormancy in umbu plant seeds was overcome by all treatments when compared to control, with the treatment of mechanical scarification with sandpaper the one that stood out with a germination percentage of 66.67%, whereas the treatment of scarification with sulfuric acid PA for 5 min it obtained 1.67%, showing the lowest values in the analyzed variables. The statistical analysis revealed that there was no significant difference between the other treatments. It is possible that genetic factors, the storage time, the type of substrate used or the altitude contributed to the result of this research.