Intervenções de enfermagem frente à prevenção do desmame precoce no aleitamento materno.

Abstract

The human milk is complete to meet the nutritional needs and general development of infants and adapts according to the stage the baby is in. Considering the importance of the breast milk for the infant's growth and development, the present study was guided by the following research question; what are the nursing interventions to prevent early weaning described in national and international literature? Objectives: Identifying nursing interventions at preventing early weaning; analyzing the main myths and beliefs related to early weaning; verifying the outcome of nursing interventions to promote breastfeeding and prevent early weaning. Methodology: This is an Integrative Literature Review with a descriptive character and a qualitative approach. Results: The nursing consultation, the implementation of SAE (Systematization of Nursing Care), the timely home visit, health education activities and the link between nurse and patient have brought positive outcomes for the maintenance of breastfeeding and undeniable contribution to the prevention of early weaning which reinforces the important role of the nurse in assisting women in the pregnant puerperal cycle, in addition to reinforcing their autonomy and competence to do so. Discussion: The strengthening of breastfeeding will occur when there is a joint effort of empowered mothers, family members ready to provide support and a trained health team capable to disseminate an effective guidance on breastfeeding through health education, nursing consultation, home visits in primary care and systematization of Nursing care in the hospital environment. Final considerations: Adherence to exclusive breastfeeding in Brazil has been reducing considerably which is justified by physical, psychological and social causes that surround the mother-child binomial. The present study was limited by the lack of materials about breastfeeding and early weaning. The objectives of the most articles aimed at food supplementation, post weaning and not early weaning itself.