Qualidade de vida de idosos cadastrados na atenção primária à saúde: revisão integrativa.

Abstract

The quality of life of the elderly population has aroused a growing interest from scholars and government agencies, considering the need of providing not only the individual’s longevity but also its health, well-being and satisfaction in the most aspects of life and daily. The present study aims to analyze the scientific productions related to the QOL of elderly people registered in the PHC. The method of integrative literature review has been used, based on the descriptors "quality of life", "aging" and "primary health care", with searches performed in electronic databases of free access. Articles available in full and free of charge, published in Portuguese, between 2015 and 2019 have been considered eligible, excluding theses, dissertations, undergraduate thesis, books, reviews of any style and articles that did not address the research topic or answer the guiding question. A total of 20 studies met the inclusion criteria and were selected for data collection. The results were analyzed with emphasis on the contributing and non-contributing aspects to the quality of life of the elderly, as well as the assessment instrument used in the studies. The analysis of the studies has shown that aging with quality of life is the result of a balance of factors that must contribute to the autonomy and independence of the elderly, helping it to overcome losses and inevitable difficulties of old age. The most used instrument was the WHOQOL-bref. The domains that most stood out as contributors for the best quality of life were the maintenance of functional capacity, practice of physical activities and access to goods and services. Negative factors included low social interaction, lack of access to services and essential goods and difficulties in maintaining independence and autonomy. It is possible to conclude that several instruments can be used to evaluate the quality of life of the elderly and through the data collected strategies can be developed to meet the needs of the elderly, benefit the quality of life and value the factors that contribute to improve the perception of the elderly population about this concept.