LIMA, José Antonio Ferreira.
Resumo:
Currently, it is required that the solutions provided for in structural projects, fulfill their purpose of strength and durability, and adequate performance in service, but also be efficient, innovative, which transmit more security while reducing the costs of the enterprise. As a result, optimization in structural engineering has become an increasingly studied subject, gaining viability due to the development and evolution of
numerical methods, such as the Finite Element Method, which greatly improves the
accuracy of structural analyses, and heuristic optimization methods, such as Particle
Swarm Optimization - PSO, which enables the testing of various conditions and
parameter variations that seek to find the point of best performance of the structure.
Thus, observing the importance of the brace elements for the overall stability of a
building, since this system combats and reduces the effects generated by the
horizontal actions of the structure. Thus, observing the importance of the brace
elements for the overall stability of a building, since this system combats and reduces
the effects generated by the horizontal actions of the structure, this work aims to
optimize the brace of a shed, seeking the optimal combination of the diameters of the
bars in the way that remains unchanged the initial volume of steel destined to this
system , but the lateral displacement of the structure is reduced. To achieve this goal,
an algorithm will be developed in the MATLAB software environment to add the vertical
brace to the shed structure, and application of the PSO optimization algorithm, which
is contained in your toolbox. The structural analysis will be done through the
PROGRAM MASTAN2, which works in conjunction with MATLAB, facilitating the
processing of data. Finally, this methodology was applied to two sheds of different
sizes, one with 3 spans and the other with 5 spans, and it was noticed that the
optimization reached good results with significant reductions in horizontal maximum
displacements, with a reduction between 18% and 22%, which contributes greatly to
the dimensioning of structures and more rational use of materials.