Aspectos sanitários gerais da convivência com animais de companhia de famílias atendidas pelo Programa Bolsa Família em município do sertão do Nordeste Brasileiro.

Abstract

The exposure to health risks and social vulnerability of people living in poverty and extreme poverty is a fact. The objective of this study was to make a bibliographic review, as well as to know the socioeconomic, educational, hygiene and care situation of their animals, of families enrolled in the bolsa família program in the city of Patos, hinterland of Paraíba, as well as to describe the gastrointestinal parasites of tutors and their domestic animals. The first chapter deals with the family stipend program, social vulnerability and its influence on population sickness, and the main zoonotic parasites that affect animals and humans. The second chapter is composed of an article on the epistemology of parasitosis in dogs and cats. Fifty questionnaires were applied, where 24 questions were addressed. For the parasitological examination of feces (EPF) feces from one member of each family nucleus and one animal of the residence were collected. The EPF were processed and analyzed by Hoffmann, Pons & Janer (1934) and Willis-Mollay (1921) methods. The analysis of the questionnaires showed that the low level of education of the respondents was a factor contributing to a higher number of positive animals in the EPF. In the EPF of the tutors 39 samples (78%) were negative and 11 samples (22%) positive, being found Entamoeba histolytica (2%); Strongyloides stercoralis (2%); Endolimax nana (16%) and Entamoeba coli (2%). In dogs and cats Ancylostoma sp. (42%) was the most found parasite, the helminths Toxocara sp. were also described in dogs. (4%); Echinococcus granulosus (2%); Trichuris sp. (2%) and the protozoan Entamoeba histolytica (2%). In cats all positive samples contained eggs of Ancylostoma sp. The low education of families living in the poverty belt and extreme poverty in the Paraíba hinterland allied to the inadequate care directed to the companion animals are factors that infer for the emergence of gastrointestinal parasitosis in dogs and cats.