Estudo sobre a utilização da apitoxina de Appis Mellifera na artrite induzida em ratos Wistar.

Abstract

Apitoxin is a product secreted by the bees of the species Apis Mellifera, whose objective is to protect the colony against predators present near or in the hives. This substance is secreted through glands of acid secretion and alkaline secretion, found inside the abdomen of worker bees. Its therapeutic potential is related to the activities: Neuroprotective, radioprotective, healing, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive / analgesic, which includes rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RA is an autoimmune pathology, still of unknown etiology, characterized by pain and inflammation and by the involvement of several peripheral joints, it presents itself in a symmetrical way that leads to deformity and destruction of the joints due to bone and cartilage erosion. In this research, the objective was to verify the anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive actions of Appis Mellifera's apitoxin on knee arthritis, induced in wistar rats. It is an experimental research, of a quantitative character, where a population study is exposed to a specific treatment protocol. The research was developed at the Agroindustrial Science and Technology Center of the Federal University of Campina Grande, Pombal Campus – PB in partnership with the Experimental Research Center of the University Center of Patos - UNIFIP and the Biomedical Laboratory BIOLAB - UNIFIP. For this research, 50 Wistar rats were used, coming from the vivarium of the Experimental Research Center – NUPE, where they were arranged in 5 groups, with 10 rats in each: GROUP I - Control Variable (C1 to C10); GROUP II - Arthritic induced A (A1 to A10) - arthritic induced without further treatment; GROUP III- Arthritic induced X (X1 to X10) - With treatment through variable exercise; GROUP IV - Y-induced arthritic (Y1 to Y10) - With treatment using apitoxin; GROUP V- Z-induced arthritic (Z1 to Z10) - With treatment using apitoxin and variable exercise. It is concluded that groups IV and V, presented better results in nociception and inflammation. Group IV showed prominence in the edema variables, with a mean of 1.14 ± 0.2 and absence of 90% of flushing in the animals. Another variable observed was the heat in which group III, 100% of the animals showed absence of hyperthermia compared to group IV, with 90%. The measures of pain and stiffness in groups III, IV and V achieved more effective results, with emphasis on groups IV and V with mild pain in 70% and normal 30%, whereas in stiffness the absent was present in 30% in group IV and 12.5% in group V. In addition, finally, regarding the laboratory examination, more precisely, the Reactive Protein C group IV had a greater effect in reducing inflammation compared to the others. Despite the positive results, further research with conducts (exercises and varied formulations) is recommended for resolving the pathology in a short time.