Gestão dos resíduos sólidos gerados em cinco unidades hospitalares públicas da cidade de Campina Grande-PB.

Abstract

Environmental problems are intrinsically linked to the health risk factors of the population and to the current needs of preservation of the environment, with solid waste being generated by health services agents with high potential for biological, chemical or radioactive contamination, which require treatment especially in terms of selection, packaging and proper destination, making it essential to consciously manage and manage these wastes as a result of the dangers they pose to living beings and the environment. The objective was to analyze the management and management of solid waste from health services in the city of Campina Grande - PB, in five public hospitals. The methodology used was an exploratory, descriptive cross-sectional, bibliographical and field study, carried out in the city of Campina Grande-PB with the subjects responsible for the management and management of hospital solid waste in the municipality. As part of the results, we identified that: managers know of the existence of environmental legislation, but lack of improvement of the current content for organization of institutional waste policy; the waste is identified and the collection and packaging takes place partially within the environmental norms in the hospital services, and in some of the hospitals there is a reuse policy already in place with adequate waste disposal; the managers are aware of the environmental risks that the waste produces and claim there are management difficulties and that there is periodic training of professionals who deal with solid waste in the hospitals studied. However, there is a need for more theoretical and practical deepening for the management and management of solid waste from health services, highlighting the following points: there is work overload for the managers of the services, which impacts on the management process; Management and management occur in a differentiated way in the analyzed institutions regarding compliance with environmental legislation; It was observed that hospital managers partially meet the collection and conditioning criteria proposed by CONAMA Resolutions 358/05 and ANVISA Resolution 306/04; It was noticed that in some of the institutions of the study there is no institutional policy for the reuse of solid waste already implemented and the final destination is the incineration and municipal landfill without previous treatment of the waste in the generating source. It is recommended: the development of frequent training and continuing educational actions for professionals working with RSS; The elaboration and implementation of the Solid Waste Management Plan of the Health Services - PGRSS; The awareness of professionals to follow the guidelines established by environmental legislation; Implementation of a policy of reusing the RSS of reusable and recyclable products; Correct packaging and final destination of RSS, especially radioactive, infectious and sharps-borne waste; Establishment of treatment systems for infectious and piercing-cutting residues, rendering them inert.