Atenuação de hidrocarbonetos totais de petróleo e óleo presentes em borra de petróleo usando aglomerantes à base de cimento e argila organofílica.

Abstract

The oil industry has developed very rapidly in recent years due to advances in the discovery and drilling wells deeper and deeper. Waste is classified by the Brazilian Association of Technical Standards (ABNT, 2004) as hazardous (Class I). The stabilization by solidification technology has proved an effective and widely used to alleviate and treat hazardous waste in addition carry out pre-treat waste before disposal in landfill. The main objective of this study was to soften Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons and oils/greases present in oily sludge using oil stabilization by solidification. This work was performed at the Laboratory of Environmental Management and Waste belonging to the Academic Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande. It was divided into four stages. In the first stage we carried out the experimental design. We used the 2 factorial with three central points. The factors used were the percentage of sludge (10, 15 and 20%) and curing temperature (0, 20 and 40 0 C). The second step was the characterization and classification of oil sludge. The third step was performed to evaluate the materials submitted to the stabilization by solidification using a simple mixture of Portland cement and organoclay as binders, using criteria of integrity/durability and immobilization of contaminants. The fourth stage was performed statistical analysis and mass balance of the process. With this work, we observed that the capacity of water absorption in the specimens influences the compressive strength and the later leaching. The content of oils and greases in the oil sludge is an indicator of contamination. With treatment, achieved a reduction of 86.7% in the concentration of oils and greases, showing that the stabilization by solidification can be applied as a pretreatment of hazardous waste before being appropriately disposed of in landfills and industrial and/or as how to make the attenuation of contaminants. We also observed that the temperature did not influence the process and that only the percentage of sludge can influence the results of oils and greases.