Prospecção tecnológica de saneamento básico urbano para municípios cearenses com menos de 50 mil habitantes.

Abstract

Most Brazilian municipalities have low rates of collection and treatment of sewage. The absence of such services causes losses in several sectors, such as health, economy, education, tourism, directly impacting the population's quality of life. Studies show that countries that have invested in technologies have managed to raise the rate of safely administered sanitation. Therefore, the present work aimed to carry out a survey of the main sewage treatment technologies to help municipalities in Ceará with less than 50 thousand inhabitants in the process of universalization of basic sanitation. The technological monitoring employed in this study used information from international patent documents, through the search tool Orbit Intelligence®. From the data obtained, analyzes were performed at “macro”, “meso” and “micro” levels. Based on the prospective study, three technologies were selected: Device for wastewater sanitation; Compact sanitation device by planted filter; and Plantations equipped for the treatment of organic effluents by biosanitization. Such systems are capable of treating sanitary sewage with the aid of plant species suitable for regions that have high temperatures and full sun, allowing their implementation in Ceará cities.