Partículas de quitosana/flúor como potencial aplicação na odontologia preventiva.

Abstract

Caries is one of the main causes of tooth loss, and the main contributor to the development of this disease is the excessive consumption of sugars and the presence of plaque in the tooth. The dentistry issue is about the incidence of oral microbial infections associated to the resistance of pathogens to drug / antibiotic and microbial agents, associated with side effects. In this context, the proposal of this work was associated the properties of chitosan with fluorine at the nanoscale, pointing out an innovative perspective in preventive dentistry. The particles studied were prepared by the ionotropic gelation method, varying the addition of sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) (4: 1; 5.8: 1; 7: 1) mg / mg, and the rotational speed (5000; 15,000 and 20,000 RPM) to determine the processing parameters. Once the processing parameters were determined, chitosan particles and NaF (NaF / TPP) at concentrations of 0.05%, 0.2% and 2% was obtained. The samples were characterized by FTIR, DLS, Zeta Potential, MEV, EDS, Cytotoxicity, Antibacterial Activity and Stability. The results obtained show chitosan / TPP particles with sizes between 641nm-252nm, and with these increase on Q: TPP ratio and spin speed, induced a reduction in particle sizes. For the chitosan / NaF / TPP samples the increase in NaF concentration resulted in the reduction of particle size. There were no changes in particle morphology, except for 2% NaF sample. The samples had a stable particle size during the studied period of 80 days when characterized by DLS, but after characterization by SEM, in the period of 21 days, all samples showed coalescence of the particles. Samples with NaF indicated inhibition of bacterial growth and samples with 0.05% and 0.2% NaF were non-toxic. Thus, the obtained chitosan / NaF / TPP particles were satisfactory, suggesting a possible application in preventive dentistry.