Algodoeiro colorido irrigado com água salina e adubado com matéria orgânica.

Abstract

The inadequate management of the irrigation may cause accumulation of soluble salts in soils which affects almost always negatively most of the crops, above all, the vegetables that are sensitive to the saline stress. They plows, still, incipient the work of studies on the effect of the salinity in interaction with organic fertilizers, with you cultivate them of herbaceous Cotton plant of colored fibers (Gossypium hirsuntum L.). An experiment was driven, producing of fibers of brown coloration, with to grow productive in Campina Grande-PB. The experiment was carried at the Embrapa`s Cotton Experimental Station of district Barbalha-Ce. The experimental randomized blocks design was considered with 10 treatments and 4 repetitions in factorial scheme 5x2, it was studied the effect of five doses of bovine manure-OF (0, 8, 16, 24 and 32 t.ha-1) and two types of irrigation water (drop water and high salinity), classified according to the electric conductivity of the water - ECa (0.35 and 6.5 dS.m-1). The obtained results allow to end that: there was in the soil, increase of the content of calcium, sodium, potassium and magnesium, even with the uses of water of low salinity and high manure doses; the increase in the content of calcium and magnesium was not enough to reduce the content of sodium and consequently it provided increase of the SAR and of PST of the soil; Independent of the treatments and of the evaluation team, there was significant increase in the tenor of chloride in the soil. Reduction of the pH of the soil was verified, around 6.2 to 6.7. The growth characteristics (plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area and rate of leaf area) they were, independently of the water used in the irrigation, prejudiced when it was used saline water and dose of low manure to 16 t.ha-1. Among the characteristics of the production it was verified that just the flower was influenced by the manure doses. When irrigated with water of high salinity, the matter number, weight of one matter and the yield fiber weight seeds, they had reductions of the order of 49.83%, 10.64% and 64.36%, respectively, in relation to the values obtained with the use of the water of low salinity in the irrigation. The water of irrigation of high salinity influenced negatively in the weight of twenty fibers, in the weight of the feather, in the percentage of the fiber and in the rate micronaire of the fiber of the colored cotton plant and just on the prolongation to the rupture had been influenced by the factor doses of manure.