AUGUSTO FILHO, T.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2001883112522270; AUGUSTO FILHO, Tadeu.
Résumé:
The hanseniasis is a chronic granulomatous disease, descendent of infection
caused by bacillus Mycobacterium leprae, of high infectivity and low
pathogenicity, with potential for complications and physical incapacities. Is a
millennial represents, now a days, a great problem of public health in many
parts of the world. Since the 1980s, was preconized by the World Health
Organization the Polychemotherapy for disease treatment, being composed by the
drug combination of dapsone, rifampicin and clofazimine. This combination of
drugs brought the possibility of cure and elimination of the disease as a health
public problem, but without an adequate handling, the adver se effects resulting
from this association accumulates, causing complications to the patients, being
pointed in many studies as possible cause of irregularity or treatment dropout.
Faced with, this study had the main objective verify the adverse effects to the
drugs used in the Polychemotherapy for hanseanisis treatment, the occurrence of
change of the therapeutic regimen and irregularities in the treatment, from the
review of patients promptuaries treated in the basic health units of the
municipally of Cajazeiras–PB. This is a retrospective study and document, with a
quantitative approach, which was developed in the basic health units, with the
highest percentage of cases in the municipally of Cajazeiras–PB. The data were
collected from patients promptuaries who completed the treatment of hanseniasis
during the period of janaury 2013 to may 2016. Data were collected from 48
patient promtuaries. The adverse reactions in this study were infrequent
compared to other related studies, suggesting that there might be sub notification.
The cutaneos effect related to clofazimine were more frequent among the adverse
effects, such as skin hyperpigmentation (45,8%) and ichthyosis / xerosis (37,5%).
Among the adverse reactions stands out the anemia (25%), often associated to the
dapsone use. Changes occurred in the therapeutic regimen in two patients due to
adverse reactions, all related to dapsone, denoting that this drug was the main
cause of adverse effects which causes a suspension of the use and exchange of
therapeutic scheme. The appearance of adverse reactions medicaments interfered
in adherence to treatment, being confirmed the abandonment of two patients. It is
necessary that there is an effective active search for patients , to prevent
abandonment cases. The health teams should be well prepared to diagnose the
adverse effects and take the best approach in each situation. Since this is a
retrospective study, corroborates to the low frequency of adverse effects and
interference in treatment adherence, because can not proceed with the monitoring
of patients.
