ALMEIDA, G. A.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2127856251791385; ALMEIDA, Geórgia de Andrade.
Resumo:
This is a study on the (in) effectiveness of gender electoral quotas in the 2020 municipal
elections in the municipalities of Serra da Ibiapaba in the State of Ceará. Gender electoral
quotas were instituted by article 10, paragraph 3, of Law 9.504 / 97 and became mandatory
with the promulgation of Law 12.034 / 09, which provides that at least 30% (thirty percent) of
the registration of candidates of political parties and party coalitions must be filled in by one
gender and a maximum of 70% (seventy percent) by another gender. Initially, the study of the
democratic political regime is approached with emphasis on the explanation of the types of
democracy, the historical analysis of democracy in Brazil and the types of electoral systems
adopted in Brazil, as a way of understanding the following chapters that deal with the use of
political rights. as enforcers of human rights, this effect is due to the fact that gender quotas
are considered an affirmative political action and these seek to guarantee the right to equality,
which is considered a human right. Thus, political parties and party coalitions in respecting
gender quotas are emphasizing the democratic political regime and consequently guaranteeing
the right to equality for women. In this way, the result of the 2020 municipal elections for the
positions of municipal councilors in the cities that make up the Serra da Ibiapaba was
investigated, with the objective of analyzing the compliance with this percentage of gender
provided for in the electoral legislation and the possible signs of fraud to this. Institute. The
survey showed that the gender electoral quota was not met in two of the nine cities analyzed,
some political parties did not respect the minimum percentage of 30%, however, it was found
that these are minorities and that despite the non-compliance, the number of candidates
women and women occupying the vacancies offered are growing, however, slowly. In
addition, there was also evidence of attempted fraud by political parties using this fictitious
candidacy and that as a way of repressing this fraud in this affirmative action, it is necessary
to improve this institute in the electoral legislation, so that the parties politicians are
monitored and punished if they fail to comply.