Artigo de opinião: subsídios teórico-metodológicos aplicáveis ao 9º ano do ensino fundamental.

Abstract

Although teacher training on the study of textual genres and the concentration of efforts to implement meaningful work practices with these genres in the classroom have been taking place, there is still a gap between what is learned by Portuguese-speaking teachers in their initial formation and the practice of these teachers in Elementary School. From this point of view, the purpose of this work is thought to focus on the work with the textual genres, specifically the article of opinion, based on the perspective of the discursive partner interactionism of Bronckart (2012) and the theoretical contributions of Marcuschi (2008) ), Bazerman (2011) and Schneuwly and Dolz (2004), and also from argumentative studies as a discursive activity (Koch, 2011, Koch and Elias, 2016), among others. This work deals with opinion article supported by the NCPs and demonstrates, methodologically, the feasibility and importance of the focused gender and the argumentative nuances used naturally by the language user. The research proposes, through didactic sequences, how to constitute a practical approach of the genre of opinion, as well as postulates and argumentative aspects. It investigates the notion of textual genres in the Marcuschian perspective, pointing out the enunciative characteristics, textual, linguistic and discursive of the journalistic genre opinion article and also shows that it is possible to resignify Portuguese language teaching in a dialogical perspective. It also discusses the teaching of writing in the linguistic and sociocultural perspective, with special attention to the conceptions of reading and writing applicable to the teaching of the mother tongue from the guidelines conveyed in (NCP), the National Curricular Parameters, of the Third and Fourth Cycles of Elementary Education. This work also discusses and defends writing as a process, establishes the distinction between text and discourse, presents the argumentation as the basic axis of the opinion article, pointing out the strategies to initiate, develop and complete an argumentative text. All this because we consider the relevance of the argumentation in our verbal and written routine, because we constantly express opinions on the most varied subjects of our daily life and also because we understand that the genre of opinion must participate in the discursive domain of the student So that it is able to deal with situations of language school and out-of-school that demand a positioning before a certain polemic subject. Finally, a proposal of pedagogical mediation is presented for the Portuguese-language teacher to work on the textual genre of the opinion article from the development of a didactic sequence to be applied in the 9th year of Elementary School II, followed by the concept of didactic sequence, Its conceptions and purposes, its basic structure as well as its applicability from the studies of Dolz, Schneuwly et al (2004, p. 83).