Sobrecarga vivenciada pelos familiares de pessoas acometidas por esquizofrenia: revisão integrativa

Abstract

With deinstitutionalization, the patient with mental disorders went from the asylum and closure environment, to the means of resocialization with the family. The familiar caregiver of a person with a diagnosis of schizophrenia plays an important role in the reinsertion of the patient in society, studies show that, with the

care provided to the family and coping with the disease, at some point in the post- diagnosis life it impacts on this familiar, generating Doubts and emotional conflicts.

General objective: To synthesize the scientific knowledge produced between the years 2006 and 2017, addressing the overload experienced by the family caregiver of a person diagnosed with schizophrenia. Methodology: lt consists of an integrative review of the literature, carried out from July 2016 to January 2017, from the Virtual Health Library (VHL) in databases, LILACS, BDENF, MEDLINE and the electronic library SCIELO. The delimitatíon of the sample used the following inclusion criteria: studies that are published in Portuguesa available in full that address the overload of the schizophrenic family member; National and intemational publications in Portuguese, Spanish and English; Publications from 2006 to 2017; Available in full, published in nursing journals and other health areas. Repeated articles, unavailable integrally, were excluded from the selected topic. Results: The studies used evidenced the overload in two types: objective and subjective. The objective overload is related to the negative consequences generated by the responsibility of the care and vigilance changing the routine. Subjective overload is related to the emotional side that concerns the person concerned. especially in the future. The studies have mostly demonstrated the levei of greater overhead in financiai issues and concerns over surveillance of problem issues. Conclusion: Familial overload when present negatively affects the quality of life and health of the family member. Because the famíly caregiver can suffer a high emotional overload. Needing attention to their mental health and reducing the burden, attending to the family according to their particularity, thus allowing a decrease in the overload and improvement in the quality of life. There are few recent studies, thus listing the need to publish new studies that address the issue.