As secas no nordeste e a relação com os fenômenos oceanoatmosféricos El Niño e La Niña.

Abstract

The Brazilian Northeast is plagued by droughts with great frequency. Many attribute to droughts the power to cause major disasters, whether economic, social, environmental, health, among others. They can affect large populations, depending on their territorial extent and duration, which the longer the period, makes the phenomenon more acute. Droughts are linked to various climatic factors, such as temperature, humidity, rainfall, solar radiation, atmospheric pressure, vegetation, ocean-atmospheric phenomena, among others. In this context, the climatic analyzes carried out took into account the prolonged drought records from 1700 to 2017, with the El Niño and La Niña events observed from 1950. The relationships between droughts and these two ocean-atmospheric phenomena were analyzed. This verification was made through the analysis of data obtained from scientific articles, theses or climate and weather monitoring agencies, and the occurrence and occurrence of droughts, their durations and their frequency throughout each century. In this context, we note that the El Niño and La Niña events are relevant to understand the drought regime in the Brazilian Northeast.