A Evolução Histórica da Resolução das Equações Algébricas.

Abstract

In this work we present some methods used to solve the equations. algebraic by radicals, such as the false position rule used by the Egyptians and the square completion used by Hindus to find solutions to equations high school. The method independently discovered by Scipione Del Ferro and Nicolo de Fontana (Tartaglia) consisted in transforming the entire equation of the third degree to a form called reduced and give a solution by radicals. the mathematician Ferrari found a general formula for equations of the fourth degree. He regrouped the terms of so that on both sides of the equality there are perfect square polynomials. Being if possible, the square roots would be extracted, falling into equations of the second degree, and the problem would be solved. The first convincing proof of impossibility of solving the quintic equation was established, in the beginning of the 19th century, by the ma- Norwegian thematic NH Abel. Abel's work was completed by the French genius E. Galois.