Teste de provocação oral no diagnóstico de alergia à proteína do leite de vaca em crianças: uma revisão integrativa.

Abstract

The cow’s milk allergy (CMA) is considered the most prevalent food allergy in children, developing usually during the three first years of life and It may produce gastrointestinal, respiratory and skin injury. Among the diagnostic methods, highlights the oral provocation test, considered the gold standard, but It is few used in clinical practice. The objective of this study was to understand what is the real importance of oral provocation test (OPT) to confirm the diagnosis of CMA in children. To this end, an integrative review was performed with studies of the last ten years, with six articles of great importance related to the topic and that used and described the TPO in children with suspected of CMA. After critical analysis of the works, we realize the importance of TPO to confirm the diagnosis in order to avoid prolonged exclusion diets, nutritional risk and unnecessary expense. The oral challenge with cow´s milk may be adopted as a goldstandard and used as the basis for comparative studies, aimed at advances in molecular diagnosis, determining specificity and sensitivity of them. Finally, the test can be used with other food in innovative studies to determine the tolerance to milk, in order to include them in the diet of these patients during the elimination diet foods.