SANTOS, W.O.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1480030709202268; SANTOS, Wagner Oliveira dos.
Resumo:
In this dissertation, we consider a proposal which modifies the gauge and fermion
sectors via Myers-Pospelov effective field theory. The main feature of this approach
is the Lorentz symmetry violation through the introduction of higher-derivatives operators
of dimension-5 and constant fields. Hence, breaking this important symmetry
leads to dispersion relations probing effects in the Planck energy scale, that in turn,
sets the limit for which the quantum description of space-time becomes to be relevant.
It motivate us to study the possible implications of these modified dispersion relations
on thermodynamic behavior of photons and fermions gases. It will be shown that
the breakdown of Lorentz invariance can be interpreted as a repulsive or attractive
pseudo-interaction among the particles. Additionally, for instance, it will be shown
that the presence of a deformed dispersion relation for photons entails an increase in
the entropy of the system, e.g., the Lorentz symmetry violation may lead to an increase
in the number of microstates available to the system. In addition, we apply the properties
of these gases to black body radiation and stellar dynamics of white dwarfs in the
Chandrasekhar model.