Impactos ambientais provocados pela mudança do uso solo na microrregião de Irecê-BA.

Abstract

Cultivated throughout the Irecê-Ba microregion, bean production in the period from 1960 to 1990 was the main source of economic development. With the growing expansion of cultivation and the demand for arable land, deforestation became a frequent activity, consequently, over time, it was believed that there was an instability in the rain regime of the region, causing the municipality to stop exporting the dryland beans, and to produce other crops through irrigation. Thus, the present study aims to identify the impacts on the local climate of the Irecê microregion caused by land use change, using non-parametric statistics and remote sensing. The methodology involved the application of regression analysis and non-parametric statistical test of Pettit for the historical series (1944 to 2017) of the municipality of Irecê, also the use of remote sensing was used to determine a possible increase in the deforested area through and to establish the level of susceptibility to desertification of the study area, through the climatic condition. Where it was possible to observe a great temporal variability in the vegetation and precipitation, besides a tendency in the reduction in the quantity of precipitated rains and a non statistically significant rupture in the climatological series of precipitation. It can be concluded that the monoculture production of the bean until the 90s and the inadequate management of the soil resulted in a change in the water regime, including a trend towards desertification.