Síntese, caracterização e avaliação toxicológica de amidoximas aromáticas frente á Artemia salina Leach.

Abstract

Amidoximes are a class of versatile compounds in the field of medicinal chemistry. act as intermediates in the synthesis of heterocyclic molecules, as prodrugs of amidines and for behaving as a bioisoster of carboxylic acids, enabling the development of possible drug candidates. Have some activities pharmacological drugs described as, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, such as they also have applications in the technological sector, for example, they work in removal and/or recovery of metal ions such as chromium, mercury, uranium and silver. The toxicological test with Larvae of Artemia salina Leach is a practical, low-cost and highly sensitive option for be performed as a bioindicator of LC50 values ​​for substances that have potential promising pharmacological in living organisms. This study addresses the synthesis of these molecules from the reaction of different arinitriles with hydroxylamine hydrochloride in presence of the sodium carbonate salt in a hydroethanolic medium and irradiated by ultrasound to determine the yields and reaction times of each aromatic amidoxime with the objective to characterize them by means of 1H and 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and determine the lethal concentration required to kill 50% of living individuals (LC50) through assessment toxicological using the micro crustacean Artemia salina Leach. The compound that presented the best yield at a reaction time considered low was p-nitrobenzamidoxime. THE benzamidoxime was identified and characterized in the 1H and 13C NMR spectra and the amidoxime most toxic was p-methylbenzamidoxime highlighting the influence of the methyl group in the position stops in the aromatic ring.