Aplicação do índice de mobilidade urbana sustentável (IMUS) na avaliação da mobilidade de Patos.

Abstract

In Brazilian cities, the unbridled and disorderly urban growth has been responsible for causing direct impacts on the mobility conditions of the population, since in many cases, these environments have developed without the proportional expansion of the transportation infrastructure. As a result of this deficiency, several economic, social and environmental problems have arisen that compromise the quality of life of the population. In this context, the evaluation of urban mobility arises as an alternative to the management of cities, because through the diagnoses obtained it is possible to propose improvements that positively impact the urban environment. Thus, the Index of Sustainable Urban Mobility - I_SUM, created by Costa (2008), constitutes a tool that can be used to point out which factors should be maintained or improved to achieve sustainable urban mobility, by offering subsidies for decision making to managers and planners. This work aims to evaluate the mobility conditions in Patos, a municipality located in the sertão of Paraiba. The methodology adopted for this study was the I_SUM, because it corresponds to an index developed in the context of Brazilian cities. Thus, the I_SUM result obtained for Patos was 0.389, thus being below the average (0.500) and lower than that of cities characterized as a reference in this theme, such as Curitiba, which reached the value of 0.748. The results show that the index can contribute to the development of relevant diagnoses, an example of which is the low performance of the domains accessibility, non-motorized modes and urban transport systems, being a reflection of the lack of adequate adaptation of public roads and lack of incentive and adequate infrastructure for non-motorized modes of transport. Patos has no bicycle lanes, no public transportation by buses and no exclusive pedestrian lanes, the only means of transportation are: motorcycle cab, cab, shared accommodation cab and cab application, which shows the favorable use of individual motorized transportation. Thus, the I_SUM obtained for the object of this study can be used as a tool to guide the design of public policies based on the development of urban mobility, thus bringing improvements to the quality of life of the population.