Análise dos modos e efeitos de falhas no sistema de abastecimento de água do município de Bananeiras-PB: uma abordagem da captação à rede de distribuição.

Abstract

Risk is something that has permeated humanity since its inception. Through their perception, it is possible to conjecture undesirable future scenarios and, this time, enable their elimination or mitigation since their materialization is likely to bring harm to the organization, to human beings and even to the environment. Therefore, the application of risk analysis methodologies helps companies to prevent or reduce the impact caused by any mechanisms that affect the quality of the service provided and the operability of the system. Composing the list of services, water supply systems (SAA) are included, which are complex in their operation and, like any other activity, are subject to failures. The objective of this research was to list the potential failure modes inserted in each stage of the SAA in the municipality of BananeirasPB. For this purpose, the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) methodology was used, considering the steps of Capture, Adduction, Treatment, Elevation of Treated Water, Reservation and Distribution of the system. Eleven professionals linked to the area of water resources and sanitation were interviewed, from operational technicians who work in the SAA of Bananeiras, civil engineers to university professors who, through their technicaloperational knowledge, could quantify the causes of failures and their respective degrees of Severity, Occurrence and Detection and, through the products of the three indexes, find the degree of risk (NPR) for each step of the system. With the results obtained, it was possible to rank which events are more likely to happen, as well as their magnitude and chance of interrupting the service provided to users. Through weighting, the distribution stage was the one with the highest NPR. It is necessary to insert prevention and mitigation measures in order to mitigate the possible flaws inherent to the system, given that some are already taking place.