Adubação orgânica com esterco bovino na cultura do milho (Zea mays L.) no Cariri Paraibano.

Abstract

The corn crop (Zea mays L.) belongs to the Poaceae family, it is considered a cereal with high productivity and consumption all over the world. Its economic importance is characterized by the various forms of use, its great adaptability, making it the most widespread culture of all in our country. The use of organic fertilizers provides good productive results and benefits for the soil. The objective of this work was to evaluate the development and productivity of the corn cultivar FEROZ VIPTERA 3 as a function of organic fertilization with cattle manure in the municipality of Sumé, Cariri, Paraíba. The experiment was carried out from August to December 2019, in the Experimental Area belonging to LAFISA, CDSA/UFCG, Campus de Sumé PB. A randomized block design (DBC) with five treatments and four replications was adopted. Different concentrations of organic fertilization were evaluated using cattle manure in the experiment: dose 0 kg/m2 (T1); 1.6 kg/m2 (T2); 3.2 kg/m2 (T3); 4.8 kg/m2 (T4); 6.4 kg/m2, distributed in the corn crop. The studied variables were plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves and leaf area, it was found that there was no statistical difference between the results when subjected to different doses of cattle manure. It was also found that the different doses of manure did not influence the number of ears/plants or the amount of tassels/plants analyzed. However, it was found that in the different periods of evaluation of the number of ears/plants, there was a statistical difference between the first, second and fourth period evaluated. It was also observed that in the different evaluation periods they did not significantly influence the number of tassels/plant, with an average of 18.83 in the four evaluated periods. It was verified that the different doses of bovine manure influenced the corn yield, when the dose of bovine manure is increased, there was an increase in its yield. Highlight for dose 20 which had the lowest productivity 6.8 ton/ha1 and for dose 50 which had the maximum productivity 9.9 ton/ha1. Thus, there is a 45% percentage difference between the minimum and the highest productivity, applying to the lowest and the highest dose of manure. It is concluded that there was no influence of organic fertilization with cattle manure at doses 10 ton/ha1; 20 ton/ha1; 30 ton/ha1; 40 ton/ha1 and 50 ton/ha1, for the plant height variables; stem diameter; number of sheets; leaf area; ear number; number of tassels. However, there was an increase in the productivity of corn cultivar FEROZ VIPTERA 3, when applied at a dose of 50 ton/ha1.