Uso de geotecnologias no diagnóstico do componente arbóreo-arbustivo, em um trecho de mata ciliar do Rio Piranhas, Estado da Paraíba.

Abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate fragments of riparian forest, quantity of composition and floristic quantity, arboreal component, sub-basin of the Piranhas River, state of Paraíba, hydrographic basin of the Piranhas-Açu River, using geotechnologies to delimit an area of the drainage and riparian forest. The work was developed in branches of the Piranhas River, starting in the municipality of São Gonçalo located near the municipality of Sousa and following about 15 km towards the source of the Piranhas River, located in the municipality of Bonito de Santa Fé. The phytosociological and natural regeneration of the tree component, was done using 200 m2 plots, systematically distributed in the study area, divided into 4 transects, each with 3 plots, totaling 12. Based on the legislation, how plots were delimited with the QGIS Buffer tool vs 2.18.1 using Sentinel 2 B images. A total of 242 individuals distributed in 7 families, 13 genera and 16 species were recorded. On the survey of natural regeneration, 128 individuals were registered distributed in 17 species in 10 families and 14 genera, 15 of which were registered at the species level and only 2 were not identified. Points 1 and 3 have the largest number of open and dry vegetation, and points 2 and 4 with large areas of cultivation and pasture. Places were selected where the strip intended for preservation suffered from degradation, the native vegetation being replaced by areas of cultivation and pastures. The environmental impacts are more evident in the way to remove sugar from São Gonçalo, as a form of use more evident in the suppression of native vegetation, replaced by family farming, pastures and housing construction. The riparian forest of the section studied in the Piranhas River presents a relatively low floristic composition when used with other works in riparian forests of the Caatinga, or that demonstrates a strong and accentuated anthropization of the fragments.