LUCENA. R. J.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9615007608122461; LUCENA, Rosivânia Jerônimo de.
Resumen:
Since the beginning of the colonization process in the Caatinga regions, the predatory
extractivism of the natural resources of soil and vegetation are common characteristics of
agricultural production systems. In this way a change in the way of production is necessary,
given that the current climate changes are a warning to the fact that ecosystems are no longer
supporting the agricultural model that has been practiced. For this, models of land use with
sustainable practices based on Agroforestry Systems (SAFs) are an alternative to improve this
change. Thus, the present study aims to evaluate the dynamic organization of family
agroecosystems in the semiarid
region of Paraiba, including SAFs, as a response to the
climate change process and desertification contributing to the improvement of the
socioeconomic conditions of agricultural families. Four experiments of family
agroecosystems were evaluated, being the one in the Trincheiras Farm in PatosPB,
focused
on animal production and agroforestry systems, two more in the municipality of São José do
SabugiPB,
where the first is in Nova Conquista Farm and has an Agroforestry System and
the second in the Paquetinha Farm that is focused on water abstraction and soil management.
And the other in the municipality of Santana dos GarrotesPB
in the Curral Velho Farm aimed
at animal husbandry, forage storage and degraded area recovery. It was found that the SAFs
studied directly contribute to the dynamics and productive sustainability of the rural
properties where they are inserted, guaranteeing to the agricultural families food security and
an increase in the family's monthly income. Regarding farmers' perceptions of the effects of
climate change and desertification, it was observed that the main effect attributed to climate
change is the irregularity of rainfall in the region, which causes the prolongation of drought
periods and the increase in temperature, with the relation desertification the main effect was
the loss of soil fertility. The three main measures taken by farmers to mitigate these effects
were the storage of rainwater, the recovery of degraded areas and the restoration of native
vegetation.