Sujos e de pés descalços: perspectivas contra-hegemônicas para a história e o ensino de história dos povos originários.

Abstract

The native people of Brazil have Brazilian citizenship by right: because they are citizen con-stituents of the national territory, with histories deeply linked to the origin of Brazil as a coun-try; true protectors of the national territory. However, when we study the diversity of histories of Brazilian traditional peoples, what we see is a huge historical neglect and erasure until the present. Due to this problem, this work aims to research the processes of erasure of native peoples history. First of all through traditional Brazilian historiography: Brazilian Historical and Geographical Institute (IHGB in portuguese acronym), Adolfo de Varnhagen; Gilberto Freyre. And later the tradition of Teaching History in Brazil. through a qualitative method of analysis of 7th grade elementary school textbooks. This study seeks to investigate if the neg-ligence in teaching the histories of native people is still present, even with the Brazilian law number 11.645/08, which instituted the obligation of teaching, during the primary school and college, the diversity of histories from native peoples that make part of the country as long as it is a multiethnic nation. As theoretical contributions were based on the authors: Adolfo de Varnhagen (1872); Gilberto Freyre (1972); Guimarães (1988); Aimé Césaire (1978); Fonseca (1993); Bittencourt (1997); Walter Mignolo (2003); Aníbal Quijano (2005); Gersen Baniwa (2006); Fanon (2008); Ailton Krenak (2019); and others. Methodologically, we realized a bibliographical review of traditional historiography, a research of other possible sources and the analysis of textbooks. The results present a history of erasure and a concrete change that directly affects the practice of teachers, new college graduates and those with experience in the classroom.