Sistema de produção de leite de vacas mestiças no Cariri Paraibano.

Abstract

Brazil, because it is a tropical country with almost all its soil and climatic conditions, has a dairy production practiced throughout its territory, with a great diversity of milk production systems. In the different types of bovine milk production systems, there are, on the one hand, highly-skilled producers, who invest in technology and benefit from economies of scale and differentiate their product, receiving more from the volume and quality achieved, and from another , rudimentary producers, who live off the income generated, with little or no preparation in production. Thus, the present work aimed to analyze the milk production system of crossbred cows raised on the intensive and semi-intensive system, in a property in the Paraíba cariri, trying to correlate dairy control, feeding, facilities, milking , the labor force used, the sanity, hoping, however, to contribute. Thus, in order to reach the objective of the work, a pediment was carried out in a milk-producing unit, located in the city of Queimadas-PB, where 10 (ten) lactating cows were sampled, of which 05 (five) were cows. Different breeds (three mestizas, one girolando and another Swiss brown), submitted to the semi-intensive production system, and the other 05 (five), also of different breeds (one girolando, three Dutch and one Swiss), submitted to the system production. Therefore, based on the adopted methodology, it can be observed that among the factors that influence the milk production, we have cow's age constituting an important source of variation, because with the advancement of the age there is a considerable increase in the production of milk, where production is increased until five or six years, then stabilizing to begin to decline from the age of eight or nine. In the semi-intensive system, the lowest production per milking / cow / day was 2.1 kg of milk and the highest production per milking / cow / day was 5 kg of milk. In the intensive system, the lowest milking/cow/day production was 3,950 kg of milk and the highest milking / cow / day production was 10,150 kg of milk. In view of this scenario, it may be observed that even without appropriate techniques and management, animals from both the intensive and semi-intensive systems showed an adequate production average according to each system.