Risco, vulnerabilidade e enchentes em áreas pobres de Campina Grande - PB: o caso das ZEIS Invasão de Santa Cruz e da Catingueira / Riacho do Bodocongó - Bairro das Cidades.

Abstract

This research has as main objective the analysis of social and environmental conditions of two of the eighteen ZEIS (Special Area Of Social Interest) institutionalized in Campina Grande, they are: the ZEIS Catingueira, Riacho de Bodocongó – Bairro das Cidades and the ZEIS Invasão de Santa Cruz. These two areas are characterized as areas at risk to flooding. Thus, we performed a reflection on the emergence of poor areas in Brazilian cities in Campina Grande. Will also present the concepts of risk and vulnerability, analyzing the causes of flooding in areas objects of study of this research. The ZEIS Catingueira, Riacho de Bodocongó – Bairro das Cidades and the Invasão de Santa Cruz are considered flood-risk areas, as well as problems present in the areas of infrastructure, present as the main cause of the floods nearby houses were built of stream of Bodocongó, disrespecting the Permanent Preservation Areas (APP). The achieve the proposed objectives were searched in ZEIS. Through testimonies from residents and survey on the provision of environmental sanitation services and quality of housing was intended to identify how the (lack of) urban infrastructure can be suited potentiator of risk and vulnerability in areas. To support this diagnosis were also conducted literature searches and documents in institutions and organs of the municipal government, such as the Basic Family Health, Civil Defense of Campina Grande, Planning Department, among others. As part of the record of the current situation it was decided to conduct further photographic records of the areas. Were also prepared cartograms that indicate the status of the margins of the occupations stream of Bodocongó. The study of this subject, the development and availability of work carried out in these poor areas are intended to contribute to public agencies for effective public policies and also help prevent the reproduction of these social problems in other areas of Campina Grande.