SILVA, J. I. A. O.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8980645523068866; SILVA, José Irivaldo Alves Oliveira.
Resumo:
One of main lines of the conservacionist policy introduced in Brazil has been the
formation of conservation units, among them stands out the modality of Private
Reserve of Natural Patrimony (RPPN), totalizing 429 units in Brazil, 36 in northeast
semi arid. This work analyses the model of conservation from which comes the
creation of these private conservation units, focusing in protected private areas in semi
arid region. The social dynamics related with the creation of the Private Reserve
involves land owners, near by populations and public organisms, adressed in this paper
in terms of combined process of enviromental change, conservacionists policy and
marginalization of social groups, in the political ecology approach. The research
developed in the RPPNs Fazenda Almas, Major Badu Loureiro e Tamanduá revealed the
contradictions of this model of conservation initiative: public and private uncertainty
about responsibilities and rights, conflicts with the near by populations and the
obstacles of involving them in the creation and reserve support process; and conflicts
between nature conservation and resources exploration, for example, wood, hunt and
natural pasture. These contradictions are increased in semi arid regions in Paraíba,
marked by the caatinga degradation, land concentration, low indexes of human
development and by the relations of "clientelismo".