http://lattes.cnpq.br/8105396313540853; GUIMARÃES, Jean Pereira.
Resumo:
The recovery of soils degraded by salinization is one of the great
challenges for agricultural development in the semiarid
region of the Northeast,
especially in irrigated perimeters. In this sense, researchers are looking to use alternative
products, such as biochar as one of the viable alternatives, due to the improvements in the
chemical, physical and biological properties of the soil that have already been proven.
Thus, the objective of this research was to evaluate the use of biochar produced from
green coconut biomass, in the recovery of a sodic soil from the irrigated perimeter of São
GonçaloPB,
in addition to the growth and development of the cotton BRS Aroeira. The
experiment was carried out in a greenhouse with a factorial scheme (4 x 4) + 1, with four
doses of biochar (5, 10, 15 and 20 t.ha1),
four periods of incubation of biochar in the soil
(0, 15, 30 and 45 days) and an additional treatment (10 t.ha1
of lime+20m³.ha1
of organic
compost), in a completely randomized design, with three replications, totaling 51
experimental units. After the processes of incubation of biochar in the soil and application
of the leaching layer, there were reductions in pH (18.64%), in electrical conductivity in
the exchange complex CEct
(73.82%), in addition to Na+
ct contents (89.4%) and K+
es,
in relation to the initial values of the soil. Through the contrast, it was noticed that the
saturated hydraulic conductivity of the soil (K0) obtained by the treatments with biochar
was 957.14% higher than the average of the additional treatment. As for the biometric
variables of cotton, there was a positive influence of the doses of biochar applied in all
periods evaluated at the end of the growth phase for: stem diameter, plant height, number
of leaves and leaf area, at a dose of 20 t.ha1.
The treatments with the use of biochar
provided an average production of cottonseed 10.19% higher than the additional
treatment. In general, the use of biochar in the treatment of soil with sodicity problem
proved to be efficient, with results equivalent to those of the use with calcium carbonate
(additional treatment) in several studied variables.