Ações antrópicas no Rio Taperoá na área urbana de Taperoá - PB

Abstract

The city of Taperoá-PB islocated in the intermediate region of Campina Grande-PB, located in the semiarid region, presenting low rainfall throughout the year, in addition to the presence of exposed soils. The local economy depends on the primary and tertiary sectors. The urban area was created in the vicinity of the Taperoá river, the largest river course in the region, in which this occurs temporarily, presenting a water course in the short rainy season. With the urbanization process, the river has undergone major changes in its natural space. This work has as main objective to analyze the anthropic transformations along the Taperoá banks and riverbed in the city of Taperoá-PB. For this, the study of the fluvial landscape and the urban areas close to the river was carried out, seeking to identify the main problems that involve the main tributary of the Paraíba River, the most important hydrographic basin in the State of Paraíba. In addition, an analysis of satellite images obtained by Google Earth during the period 2010 to 2020 was carried out, seeking to understand the spatial development of the urban area around the studied area. The observations of the landscape were made in three blocks, which comprise the process of historical formation of the city on the banks of the river, the natural landscapes in the territorial extension of the river and the city and the landscapes altered by human activity.The results showed major changes in the natural landscape of the river, such as the deforestation of the riparian forest, the use of fire to clean the banks for the development of animal feed, the discharge of domestic sewage from the entire city to the riverbed, process of silting and desertification influenced mainly by the creation of animals along the entire course of the river in the vicinity of the urban area, in addition to the urban growth on the left bank in the upstream, thus observing a high degree of socio-environmental vulnerabilities in the sub-basin of the Taperoá River in the city of Taperoá-PB.