Análise zonal/espacial dos bosques de mangue no estuário do Rio Camaratuba, Paraíba, Brasil: um estudo a partir do sensoriamento remoto.

Abstract

Mangroves are unique ecological environments that host rich assemblages of plants that thrive in muddy and anaerobic gradients under tidal regimes and under varying salinity conditions. The Camaratuba River estuary, which is located on the north coast of Paraíba state, is characterized by being a coastal environment, formed by an abundant mangrove forest. The present research aimed to analyze the mangrove zonation from the Soil Adjusted Vegetation Hyperspectral Index (HSAVI) in the estuary. Regarding the theoreticalmethodological procedures, the following steps were performed: a) compilation of the necessary bibliography; b) acquisition of satellite image; c) digital image processing; d) survey of control points in the field; e) measurement and confirmation of HSAVI. The fieldwork was carried out on October 4th and 5th, 2019, supporting the evaluation of monospecific forests in concomitance with the HSAVI response. Thus, zonation was performed for the following mangrove species: Rhizophora mangle; Racemosa laguncularia; and Aviccenia spp. It was identified that this mangrove had higher predominance of the first species, with occupation of 116,28ha (91,76%); The other species presented punctual spatializations, the second with 6.57 ha (5.18%) and the third with 3.87 ha (3.06%), totaling a mangrove coverage area of 126.72 ha. Thus, although this mangrove has presented balanced environmental conditions, anthropogenic activities found may, over time, represent a negative disturbance to the vitality of the mangrove.