Produção vegetal e quantificação de flavonoides e taninos da droga vegetal de Cenostigma pyramidale (Tul.) Gagnon & G.P. Lewis.

Abstract

The aim of this work was to characterize plant production by evaluating the quantity of flavonoids and condensed tannins of Cenostigma pyramidale (Tul.) Gagnon & G.P.Lewis as a function of the stage of development of young individuals from different locations. The seeds used in the experiment were collected from adult matrices in the municipality of Sumé and Serra Branca in Cariri, Paraíba. The collected material was sent to the Laboratory of Ecology and Botany - LAEB/CDSA/UFCG, in the municipality of Sumé, for the procedure of sorting and identifying seed lots. Vegetable production was carried out in the Nursery for the Production of Native Seedlings and Studies of Ecology and Dynamics of Caatinga - LAEB / UFCG / CDSA, under 50% shading conditions and the substrate composed of sand, goat manure and subsoil in the proportion of 1.5:1.0:0.5. The experiment was carried out in 200 plastic bags, and for each bag one seed was sown, making a total disposition of 100 seeds of C. pyramidale from the matrices in Sumé and 100 seeds from the matrices in Serra Branca. After planting, each bag was irrigated with 150 ml of water daily. The emergence parameters (%), Emergence rate index (ERI) were evaluated 30 days after sowing and were also analyzed: height, diameter, fresh mass and dry mass. After 90 days of evaluation, the plant material was collected and taken to the Institute for Research in Drugs and Medicines – IPeFarM, for phytochemical analysis. Considering the vegetable production of C. pyramidale, it was found that seeds from the municipality of Sumé showed emergence of 70% and an ERI of 9.74, while those from Serra Branca had an emergence of 62% and an ERI of 7.96. The means evaluated for the parameters height, diameter, fresh mass and dry mass differed statistically for both municipalities, and the municipality of Sumé presented the highest averages. The pre-validated analytical method through UV/Vis spectrophotometry proved to be adequate for the intended purpose. Regarding the quantification data of the tannins and flavonoids of the respective matrices evaluated, the young individuals of C. pyramidale presented tannin concentrations of 1.67 ± 2.3 (mg/g) for the municipality of Sumé and of 1.82 ± 2.0 (mg/g) for Serra Branca, for flavonoids, the municipality of Sumé presented a concentration of 17.32 ± 1.9 (mg/g) and Serra Branca 18.56 ± 2.4 (mg/g). It was also found that between the two cities there was a significant difference in concentrations only for flavonoids. Therefore, the information generated is relevant to support the scales of the production chain associated with natural products and the conservation of biodiversity in the context of Brazilian Semiaridity.