Desenvolvimento de compósitos de matriz cimentícia utilizando resíduos de politereftalato de etileno (PET) e de areia de britagem na produção de concreto.

Abstract

An alternative for decreasing the housing deficit would be the use of some household wastes accumulated in dumps by beneficiating and employing them in popular housing. Thus, housing policy would be linked to an environmental policy. The practice of sustainability in building occupies a prominent place due to the constant concern with the environmental preservation. Considering the environmental impacts caused by waste generation, we propose the use of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottle wastes and crushed sand in partial replacement of the conventional sand used in concretes. The aim of this work was to formulate various composites compositions containing 1:3 and 1:4 traits with standard water/cement ratios and 5, 10, 15 and 20% of PET waste. The raw materials were characterized by Chemical analysis (AQ), Energy dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Thermogravimetry (TG). The traits were subjected to slump and Graf flow table tests. In the study of the water / cement ratio, the specimens were molded with moist cure in seven (7) days. The composite specimens containing crushed sand were molded and subjected to moist curing for a period of 7 (seven), 28 (twenty-eight) and 91 (ninety-one) days, and subsequently subjected to a simple compressive strength test according to the standards prevailing in the country. For the crushing sand hardened composite, water absorption, voids index and specific weight tests were carried out. As for the concrete application, 1:3 and 1:4 traits can be used in flooring of foundation elements and pre-molded or pre-fabricated elements (S50). The 1:3 ratio, the concrete can be used in current structural elements such as slabs, beams, columns , rods , floors with conventional concrete casting (S100), and the 1:4 trace, concrete can be used in extrusion, vibro-pressed or centrifuged (S10) and in current structures such as slabs, beams, columns, rods, flooring, diaphragm walls , with concrete poured by pumping , bored cast-in-place piles (S160). Finally, the cement matrix composites formed by gravel, crushed sand and PET. The composites meet the requirements established by the standard on structural applications of Group I for C25 and C20 classes.