Análise de emissões fugitivas de gases de efeito estufa em célula de aterro sanitário em Campina Grande - PB.

Abstract

The Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) disposed in landfills generate as by-products of their degradation leachate liquids and gases. These gases constitute a significant source of anthropogenic emissions of Greenhouse Gases causing losses on a local and global scale. Emissions from landfills can occur naturally through vertical drains, which, when properly dimensioned, direct all the exhaust gases inside the solid mass of the MSW, which can be used for energy recovery or burning. However, a significant portion denominated fugitive emissions occurs in an uncontrolled way through the final cover layer, called liner, and its correct sizing and execution are indispensable in the mitigation of these emissions. In this context, this work aims to analyze the fugitive emissions of Greenhouse Gases in Cell 2 of the Landfill in Campina Grande-PB. As methodologies, a soil evaluation of the layer and the monitoring of the gases in the vertical drains, at the soil-residue transition interface and the quantification of the flow along the cover layer were done using static flow chamber, culminating with the evaluation of the gas retention efficiency by the layer. The results indicated that the gases produced are compatible with the methanotrophic state of biodegradation of the residues, with an average of 57.2% for CH4, 39% for CO2 and 1.3% for O2, with flows observed through the liner in 3, 30 NL.h-1.m-2 for CH4 and 3.83 NL.h-1.m-2 for CO2, complying with international regulations, presenting good gas retention efficiency by compacted soil layer, varying from 80 to 100%, being supported by geotechnical, morphological and climatic conditions. This leads us to conclude that for the evaluated points the fugitive emissions were in compliance with the established limits, so that the cover layer presented geotechnical characteristics suitable for use as a landfill cover layer, presenting results that serve as parameters for studies and projects carried out in landfills with climatic and geotechnical conditions similar to those observed in the Landfill in Campina Grande-PB.