Análise do estado de degradação do Museu Histórico e Geográfico de Campina Grande.

Abstract

The buildings behave as products of use aimed to the development of human activities in general, thus having, to present throughout their useful life, favorable conditions for preserving the life and physical integrity of their users, ensuring safety and comfort under conditions of perfect performance. However, some factors interfere in the loss of this performance in the edification, since there is influence of the degradation action in its constructive components due to the appearance of pathological manifestations. Therefore, the correct analysis of these presented manifestations and constructive characteristics is fundamental for the elaboration of a good diagnosis and indication of the appropriate therapy. Once that, problems can be originate in one or more phases of conception and project.Wherefore, an adequate maintenance plan is a key element in the preservation and extension of the useful life of the edification and it is responsible for mitigating the degree of degradation. In controversy, the absence of maintenance also favors exponentially the process of loss of performance and appearance of pathological manifestations, until the collapse of one or more constructive systems, as occurred in the National Museum in 2018. Cases like this demonstrate the fragility and necessity of the preservation of historical buildings and analysis of the current conditions of activity of each of them. Based on a local perspective for this work, the degradation of the Historical and Geographic Museum of Campina Grande was analyzed, since it is the oldest building in the city of Campina Grande - PB, with 205 years old. In this manner, they were evaluated through preliminary inspection: the original constructive systems; the fire prevention and control system; and incidence of pathological manifestations.Thus enabling determine their incidence and non-conformity, most of which are in coating and masonry systems due to execution failures and use of inadequate materials, justified by the absence of the current resources during its construction period.