LIMA, A. N.; LIMA, Alanny Nicácio de.
Résumé:
The buildings behave as products of use aimed to the development of human activities in
general, thus having, to present throughout their useful life, favorable conditions for preserving
the life and physical integrity of their users, ensuring safety and comfort under conditions of
perfect performance. However, some factors interfere in the loss of this performance in the
edification, since there is influence of the degradation action in its constructive components due
to the appearance of pathological manifestations. Therefore, the correct analysis of these
presented manifestations and constructive characteristics is fundamental for the elaboration of
a good diagnosis and indication of the appropriate therapy. Once that, problems can be originate
in one or more phases of conception and project.Wherefore, an adequate maintenance plan is a
key element in the preservation and extension of the useful life of the edification and it is
responsible for mitigating the degree of degradation.
In controversy, the absence of maintenance also favors exponentially the process of loss of
performance and appearance of pathological manifestations, until the collapse of one or more
constructive systems, as occurred in the National Museum in 2018. Cases like this demonstrate
the fragility and necessity of the preservation of historical buildings and analysis of the current
conditions of activity of each of them. Based on a local perspective for this work, the
degradation of the Historical and Geographic Museum of Campina Grande was analyzed, since
it is the oldest building in the city of Campina Grande - PB, with 205 years old.
In this manner, they were evaluated through preliminary inspection: the original constructive
systems; the fire prevention and control system; and incidence of pathological
manifestations.Thus enabling determine their incidence and non-conformity, most of which are
in coating and masonry systems due to execution failures and use of inadequate materials,
justified by the absence of the current resources during its construction period.